History of the 10th

1715 - 1907

1908 - 1939
1939 - 1969
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

 

A SHORT HISTORY  OF THE Xth (P. W.O.) ROYAL HUSSARS

 

Written by Lieut.-Colonel John Vaughan & Capt. Roland Pillinger  

 

Printed by Hugh Rees Ltd. Pall Mall, London.    1909

 

 

1715
The Regiment was raised by Brigadier Gore in Hertfordshire and the adjoining counties in the first year of the reign of King George I, when, owing to a rebellion in Scotland in favour of the Stuarts, the British Army was considerably increased. The Regiment was called the Tenth Regiment of Dragoons. The uniform was scarlet with buff belts; the arms were a sword, carbine and a pair of pistols.
1715
1723
Colonel Charles Churchill Appointed In Place Of Brigadier Gore (Retired).
1723
1745
Field Marshall Richard Lord Cobham Appointed Colonel In Place Of Col. Churchill (Died) March Against Young Pretender
1745
1746
Fought At Falkirk, And Culloden, “Charged And Completed The Victory” The following extract shows what the horses were like: “It is H. R. H. the Duke’s orders that no horses shall be bought to mount the Dragoons above the size of 15 hands, very nimble kind of horses that can gallop, with short backs, broad fillets, and clean legs.” In addition to the campaigns inscribed on its insignia, viz: Peninsula, Waterloo, Sebastopol, Ali Musjid, Afghanistan 1878-79, Egypt 1884, S. Africa 1899-1902, the tenth has borne a distinguished part in many other military operations and battles. The loyalist troops were defeated at Falkirk, where two squadrons of the Tenth saved the situation. The London Gazette of the period states: “the enemy did not pursue which was owing to the gallant behaviour of two squadrons of Cobham’s 10th Dragoons”. The Tenth were also prominent at the battle of Culloden where Prince Charles Stuart received his final defeat. There, General Bland, who commanded the cavalry, having broken down a wall on the right of the rebel army, entered with the Tenth Dragoons and other cavalry, and driving back the Highlanders posted behind it, got on their flank and rear. “The flight of the latter now became general and were followed in pursuit by the English cavalry, who completed the victory.”
1746
1755
The "Light Troop” was added to the Regiment and other Dragoon Regiments.
1755
1757
Rochefort Expedition, Seven Years War. Overwintered At Paderborn, Germany.
1757
1758
The Tenth marched to Portsmouth where it brigaded with light troops of other Regiments, and embarked to harry the French coast, in a squadron under Commadore Howe. Enthusiasm was so great that many men of title and good family enlisted in the light troop of the Tenth among whom we find the Lord Downe of the period. Landings were made near St Malo, where a quantity of the enemy’s naval ships and naval stores were burnt, and near Cherbourg where our troops destroyed the forts and basin and over 100 canon and brought away 22 pieces of brass ordnance.
1758
1759
The Regiment embarked for Germany in July. They remained there for nearly five years, being present for most of the principal actions during that, the Seven Years War. Of these the best remembered are Minden and Warburg. At Minden the British cavalry was on the right. The British infantry in the centre repulsed all attacks and the French began to flee. Prince Ferdinand then ordered Lord George Sackville to charge with the British cavalry (Six Regiments) and the Hannoverian Horse. This he failed to do, so Minden was a “might-have-been" as far as the cavalry was concerned. Sackville was removed from the command and replaced by the Marquis of Granby Colonel of the Blues, who more than retrieved the honour of the cavalry at Warburg the following year.
1759
1760-62
July 31st; Routed French At Minden. Major Davenport Killed In Action, October.Prince Ferdinand was in command of the allies, and the French forces, being too far apart for mutual support, the Prince attacked 35,000 French under De Muy near Warburg. Our infantry made slow progress, so the Prince ordered Granby to bring up the cavalry.
The Tenth were brigaded with the 6th Dragoons. The British Cavalry found the French Cavalry pressing the infantry. We charged and routed the French, and continuing the advance, drove them in every direction. Owing to the rapidity of these operations the left squadron of the Tenth had become detached and fell in with a hostile Grenadier Regiment. Major Davenport mistook this for our allies, The Hessians, and halted his squadron within seventy yards. The enemy fired a volley and also two brass guns, killing Major Davenport and wounding another officer, and killing the horses of two others. Captain Mordaunt was thus the only effective officer with the squadron. He immediately called on the men to charge. This they did right gallantly and, although the Grenadiers fired another volley and stood their ground, the squadron captured 300 of them together with two brass guns, ammunition, mules and three wagons.
The office commanding the Grenadiers surrendered to Captain Mordaunt whose name should be remembered by every Tenth Hussar. The guns are now in the Tower of London. A letter was received this year from the War Office asking our claims to Warburg as a battle honour and it is hoped that it may shortly be added to the honours of the tenth Hussars, for surely a more gallant charge, after the sudden surprise of the first volley, was never made. Prince Ferdinand, in his despatch, said “I should do an injustice to the General Officers and to every Officer and private man of the cavalry if I did not beg his Lordship to assure His Majesty that nothing could exceed their gallant behaviour.” Warburg was a glorious day for the Tenth and the British cavalry as Minden was for the infantry.
1760-62
1763
The war continued another two years, peace being made in November, the French restoring all territory in Hesse and Hanover. Throughout these operation the Tenth bore a conspicuous part, and they eventually marched home through Holland to Williamstadt sailing thence to Harwich which they landed in the middle of February.

The British Regiments employed in the Seven Years War were: The Blues; 3rd & 4th Horse; 1st, 2nd, 3rd Dragoon Guards; 2nd, 6th, 10th, 11th, 15th Dragoons.
1763
Sep 1764
Reviewed Favourably By King George III
Sep 1764
1780
Posted To Various Billets In England And Scotland
1780
1783
“It Is The King’s Pleasure That The Tenth Regiment Of Light Dragoons Shall Be Called “The Tenth Or P.W.O. Regiment Of Light Dragoons” With The Motto Of “Ich Dien”.
1783
1783
Prince Of Wales Became Colonel Commandant Of The Regiment. Carried Out Escort Duties To The Royal Family. The Regiment was converted into light dragoons
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1783
1784
The uniform was changed from scarlet to blue. The title of Prince of Wales Own was conferred, as an honour on the Regiment at the same time, and the Prince of Wales’ plume with the Rising Sun and Red dragon became the badges of the Regiment, with “Ich Dien”: as the motto. (The three ostrich feathers were the badge of the first Prince of Wales, afterwards known as Edward the Black Prince. The Red Dragon and the Rising Sun are the ancient badges of Wales.)
1784
1793
Cornetcy Confered To Beau Brummel By Prince Of Wales. Brummel Resigned Three Years Later When The Regiment Was Posted To Manchester.
1793
1806
Officially Renamed “Hussars”. The then Prince of Wales obtained sanction from His Majesty to clothe and equip the Regiment of Hussars, and it received the designation of the Tenth, or Prince of Wales’ Own Regiment of Hussars. The Tenth was thus the first regiment of Hussars in the British Army; long may it remain so! Shortly afterwards the 7th and 15th were also converted into Hussars. These three regiments numbering 15 squadrons were, with two batteries of Horse Artillery, brigaded under Major General Lord Paget, and were read that, in England, they manoeuvred with a rapidity hitherto unknown. They formed the celebrated British Hussar Brigade, whose fighting career in the Peninsula War is so well known. A strong feeling of comradeship between these three famous regiments exists to this day. The men of these Hussar Regiments were equipped with lighter carbines than the Dragoons, and were furnished with fur caps, pelisses, sashes, leather pants and Hessian boots. Hussars were originally Hungarian Light Cavalry. The efficiency and success of these Hussars led all Europe to raise similar troops. The name is derived from two Hungarian words, “Husz” meaning twenty, and “ar” meaning pay. This because in Hungary one man in every twenty was enrolled as a cavalry officer and those who supplied him had also to provide for him.
1806
1808
Corunna Campaign The Tenth embarked on October 17th and 18th at Portsmouth and arrived at Corunna on the 10th November – twenty-two days at sea – swimming their horses on shore. On the 22nd the Hussars Brigade, 7th, 10th, 15th, marched to join Moore’s army. They distinguished themselves at Sahagun and Benevente. December 1808. At Sahagun the plan was to make a daybreak attack. The 15th Hussars were to get on the enemy’s line of retreat, while the Tenth, with four guns, drove the enemy through the town. After a very difficult night march, owing to the darkness, frost and snow, the Tenth arrived at Sahagun at the hour fixed. To find that the French had just been charged by the 15th. The Tenth joined in the pursuit, 140 prisoners being captured. Napoleon was now coming up and Sir John Moore commenced his celebrated retreat. The cavalry was covering the retreat of the army. Early in the morning the French cavalry began driving the piquets of the 18th Hussars. This Regiment and the 3rd German Hussars charged the enemy’s lead squadrons with some effect, but the enemy again advanced. The plain was covered with our mules, baggage and followers, and it appeared as if the whole French army was coming up. When the enemy’s cavalry had advanced sufficiently far into the plain, the Tenth, who had been in a concealed position of readiness, suddenly appeared and advanced on the enemy at full gallop. The piquets cheered and joined in, the enemy was overturned and fled for the river into which many of them plunged and crossed. They lost 55 killed and 70 wounded, besides their general, Lefevre Desnonettes, many Officers and 70 men taken prisoners. The General was taking his own line by himself when he was pursued and captured by Private Levi Grisdall of the 10th. Sir John Moore in his despatches wrote: “Our cavalry are very superior to any of the French have, and the right spirit has been infused into them by the example and instruction of their two leaders, Lord Paget and Brigadier-General Stewart.”
1808
Retreat
But it was not only in the actual fighting that our men earned the gratitude of their country. The difficulties of the retreat were very great owing to the mountains, bad roads, snow and cold, and the Hussars were ever engaged with the enemy. We read that in the Tenth alone, Captain Derby and 17 soldiers died of fatigue and 60 horses were destroyed to prevent their falling into the enemy’s hands. One march of 66 miles occupied from 4 p.m. one day until 11 p.m. the following night, with only two hours halt. i.e. 66 miles in 29 hours marching which makes the rate about 2 ¼ miles an hour. On the 11th January the Army reached Corunna and on the 16th the cavalry embarked destroying all their horses on the shore excepting 30 per Regiment. Meanwhile the British Infantry drove back the French army from the Corunna heights, Sir John Moore being killed in the action. The victory enabled the remainder of the embarkation to be carried out without interruption. The 10th, which had left England with over 600 horses, thus returned with only 30. Our claims to the honours “Sahagun” and “Benevente” have this year been submitted to the War Office. The Regiment returned to Brighton where it received the thanks of The Prince of Wales for its conduct on active service.
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Retreat
1809
The 10th, which had left England with over 600 horses, thus returned with only 30. Our claims to the honours “Sahagun” and “Benevente” have this year been submitted to the War Office. The Regiment returned to Brighton where it received the thanks of The Prince of Wales for its conduct on active serv
1809
1811
Prince Of Wales Becomes Prince Regent. Confirmed Title Of “Royal” To The Tenth.In February of this year, owing to the mental afflictions of King George III, the Prince of Wales was appointed Prince Regent. He thereupon conferred on his Regiment the designation “Royal”, directing that in future it should be called The Tenth, The Prince of Wales’ Own Royal Regiment of Hussars. Regiment Runs First Horse Race Over Hurdles At Brighton On The Downs.
1811
1811
Vittoria, Seize 143 Cannon And Loot. Lt.-Colonel Quentin Returned After An Absence Due To A Ruptured Blood Vessel. Moral Sinks And Wellington Notices.
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1811
1813
The Vittoria Campaign and Operations in southern France.
Early in the year the Tenth again landed in the Peninsular. They were brigaded with the 15th and 18th Hussars under Sir Colquhoun Grant and acted as advanced guard to Sir Thomas Graham’s force. The force made a very fine march through most difficult country, thus outflanking the French and opening up a new base and line of communication for the British Army via Santander. Lord Wellington, in his despatches thus reports: “The English Hussars, being in the advanced guard, fell in between Toro and Morales with a considerable body of the enemy’s Cavalry, which were immediately attacked by the 10th, supports by the 18th and 15th. The enemy was over-thrown and pursued for many miles and 210 prisoners, with many horses, and two Officers fell into our hands. "I enclose Colonel Grant’s report of this gallant affair, which reflects great credit on Major Robarts and the Tenth Hussars.” The French Regiment, which was thus handled by the 10th was, curiously enough, the 16th Dragoons who had been so severely dealt with by the 15th Hussars at Sahagun, some four years earlier. Continuing the advance over the most difficult country, on June 19th the Hussar Brigade arrived within a day’s march of Vittoria, where, two days later, the decisive battle of that name took place. When the French began to retreat the Hussars Brigade was ordered to the centre of the line and thence advance on the left of the town. The brigade galloped through the city and right-handed and thence eastward along the Pampeluna Road, along with the enemy’s baggage etc. was retreating. Captain Wyndham’s squadron of the 10th charged and dispersed the baggage guard and the Regiment was soon busy securing the fruits of victory which included 143 pieces of cannon, ammunition, treasure and all the loot which the French were trying to take out of Spain. With the rest of the British cavalry, the 10th pursued the flying enemy along the Pampeluna Road until after sunset. Captain Wyndham’s squadron coming up with the carriage of Joseph Buonaparte, who barely succeeds in escaping by jumping out and mounting a horse. The 10th took an active part in the series of hard fights known as the Battles of the Pyrenees.
1813
August 7th
On August 7th a patrol under Sergeant Gander, when reconnoitring towards St. Jeau Pied-de-Port, where the French had a strong force, was intercepted by the French Infantry. The patrol charged the enemy and got through with the loss of one man, whose horse was shot, made prisoner. The 10th cross the Bidassoa and entered French territory, taking over the out[post duty from the 7th.Hussars. The Regiment was present at the Battle of Orthez and was employed in the pursuit. Next morning, The right squadron, under Lieut.-Col. Palmer, came in contact with some French Cavalry formed on the road. They immediately charged capturing 34 French Dragoons and killing several more. The other two squadrons of the 10th soon came up and drove the French rear guard across the river Adour. A general order was published by Sir Stapleton Cotton thanking Lieut.-Col. Quentin, the Officers and men of the 10th Royal Hussars “for their gallant and steady conduct.” The Regiment was now augmented by a fourth squadron (162 sabres) which joined Head Quarters from England and brigaded with the 7th and 18th under Lord Edward Somerset. The Regiment gained great credit for its outpost and advanced cavalry duties in this campaign, many of the Officers being brought to notice for gallant conduct and skilful leading, whilst the men proved themselves worthy of their Officers.
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August 7th
1814
They were in daily touch with the enemy until April 10th when the battle of Toulouse took place. During this battle the Hussars Brigade was ordered from the left to the right of our line. To effect this they had to cross a bridge under the enemy’s artillery and infantry fire. They ran the gauntlet, reached the far bank, and drove the hostile cavalry before them. The 10th had one Officer and four men killed, one Officer and six men wounded, 15 horses killed and six wounded. After a hard fought day the French withdrew from their entrenchments and subsequently retired from Toulouse. The Hussar Brigade followed the enemy up and the vedettes of the 10th received as French Officer with a flag of truce, and it soon became known that peace had been concluded. The 10th marched across France to Boulogne, where the Regiment embarked for England and was again quartered at Brighton. The honour of bearing “Peninsula” on tis appointments was granted to the 10th Hussars in recognition of its services during the campaigns of 1809 and 1813-14.




1814
1814
Regiment Embarks For Brighton July 24th. Officers Despatch Letter Of Complaint To HRH About Colonel Quentin, Who Is Court-Marshalled. Lt.-Colonel Palmer Is Chosen To Prosecute. After HRH Influence Quentin Is Aquitted. Quentin Remains In Command And Most Officers Move To Other Regiments. They Become Known As “The Elegant Extracts.”
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1814
1814
Regiment Moves From Brighton To Romford.
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1814
1815
In March The Regiment Surpresses Corn Law Riots In London. In April Napoleon. Lands At Ostend On His Return To France.

The Waterloo Campaign.

In all the glorious annals of the British Army there is none that more excites our admiration than the story of “Waterloo, and of all the splendid Regiments that fought at Waterloo there is none that more distinguished itself than the Tenth Hussars. Theirs were the charges at the critical moment, which turned the persistent attacks of the French into a retreat, and converted the retreat into a route, from which even Napoleon was unable to rescue sufficient remnant to make another stand to check the allies triumphant entry into Paris.
1815
March
In March all Europe was thunderstruck by the news of Napoleon’s escape from Elba and od his landing in France. A declaration was signed by all the Powers proscribing Napoleon as a public enemy. England poured troops into Belgium and equipped newly raised Belgians. The 10th Hussars landed at Ostend and was at first again brigaded with the 7th and 18th Hussars, of the King’s German Legion, under Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian.
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March
2 June
On the 2nd June, near Grammont, the 10th and 18th Hussars gave a farewell race meeting and parting fete to the7th Hussars, detailed to another brigade; thus we learn from our record that our predecessors in the Regiment had the right sporting spirit of comradeship as we know from their deeds that they had the fighting spirit to a degree which it must ever be our desire to attain. The Cavalry of the Anglo-Allied Army consisted of seven brigades under the Earl of Uxbridge. The Hussar brigade, of which the 10th formed part, was numbered the 6th.
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2 June
16 June
On the 15th June Napoleon crossed the frontier. The 10th received its orders at midnight, and the Hussar brigade marched in the early hours of the 16th. At 2.00pm. that day two battles took place. The Prussians being defeated at Ligny and retiring northwards, whilst the British held their own at Quatre Bras.
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16 June
17 June
On the 17th Captain Grey’s troop was sent to get touch with the Prussians, and this was successfully accomplished. During the day the British fell back on Waterloo covered by their Cavalry. Lord Uxbridge divided his cavalry into three columns, of which Vivian’s and Vandeleur’s brigades formed the left column. Vivian, though closely pressed by the French, conducted his retreat with skill, the 10th being engaged, both mounted and dismounted, in checking the enemy’s advance. Eventually the brigade retired unmolested and bivouacked on the field of battle.
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17 June
18 June
On the morning of the 18th Vivian’s brigade was posted on the extreme left of the whole army. Major Taylor, with a patrol of the 10th, was sent out to cover our left flank and try and get touch with the Prussians. This he did about 10a.m., gaining the important news that General Bulow was at St. Lambert and advancing to our assistance with his Army Corps. Torrents of rain had fallen during the night, and Napoleon did not commence his attack until 11a.m., it is said to enable his guns to move through the deep ground. No less than 246 of these were distributed along the front and flanks of his first line. Then ensured attack after attack, made with all the dash of the French Infantry, and resisted with all the doggedness of the English Infantry. About 12.30p.m. the French attacked the British left. Their advance was confronted by Vandeleur’s Brigade and the 10th, the remained of Vivian’s Brigade being in reserve. At this moment Lord Uxbridge ordered the two heavy Cavalry Brigades to charge. The Union brigade drove the enemy back, but Ponsonby’s brigade was less successful until the 12th and 16th Light Dragoons came over to their assistance. Vivian also moved to his right in support. Th enemy now again attacked the British centre and drove back the Brunswick Infantry, but Vivian moved his brigade in rear of them, and the 10th Hussars, closing their files, prevented further retreat of the Nassau contingent who had fallen back right up to our hoses’ heads. The German Legion Infantry on the left now dashed forward, and the Nassauers took up the movement, closely supports by the 10th Hussars and cheered on by Vivian, three Officers of the 10th being wounded at this time.
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18 June
8.00pm
At last, the Prussians were seen coming up on our left, and when Napoleon heard their guns he made a final desperate effort to break our line with the Old Guard, hitherto unemployed. Wellington, knowing that his left was now protected by the Prussians, ordered Vivian to attack the enemy’s cavalry near “La Belle Alliance”. Vivian formed column of half-squadrons, the 10th leading. To turn the enemy’s left he ordered the 10th to incline to the right and then ordered “line to the front in succession by Regiments.” The pace was so rapid that the rear troops were unable to get into line, for Vivian sounded “The Charge” as soon as the first squadron was formed. Consequently, the charge was in echelon of squadrons, and before the left squadron of the 10th got home the Cuirassiers were in full flight. Vivian ordered the “Halt” and rally” for the 10th, and directed thew 18th against the enemy’s chasseurs a cheval. These were soon in full flight, the 18th also capturing a battery. Only the right squadron of the 10th (Major F W Howard) heard the order to rally, the others, under Lord Robert Manners, continued the pursuit down into the valley S.E. of Hougoumont. Driving the Cuirassiers before them they came on the retreating French Infantry, who were panic stricken at the sight of our Hussars, many of them throwing down their arms and shouting “pardon”. On the hill beyond, however, about half a battalion of French Guards had rallied, with some of their own cavalry close behind them, and opened a sharp fire upon the 10th. Lord Robert Manners halted for about a minute within about 40 yards of them to allow our men to rally. He gave a cheer and charged. Thereupon the Imperial Guard and French Cavalry turned and fled. Meanwhile Vivian met Howard’s squadron close to a square of French Grenadiers. Seeing one of our Infantry Regiments advancing and calculating on its operation, Vivian ordered Howard to charge the angle and face of the square nearest him. The squadron of the 10th charged home too the French Bayonets; Howard being killed at the head of his men. Our Infantry Regiment did not join in the attack and the French square was not broken but it fell slowly back and joined the host of fugitives along the general line of retreat. The squadron was brought out of action by Cornet Hamilton who rode serre-file, all the other Officers have been either killed or wounded. Vivian now pushed on with his entire brigade, being supports on the right by Vandeleur, and night having fallen, bivouacked far in advance of the army.Of the part played by the 6th Cavalry Brigade in the battle. Sibourne, the historian writes ----- “Vivian’s Brigade had not only broken, but completely pierced the centre of the French position.” Napoleon himself also bears witness to the decisive effect of the charge of the 10th. In his despatches he wrote ---- “About half-past-eight the four battalions which had been sent to support the Cuirassiers advanced with the bayonet to capture the batteries. The day was drawing to a close, a charge made on their flank by several English squadrons threw them into disorder.” The following brigade order was issued: “Major General Hussey Vivian begs to express the strongest possible terms to the brigade he has the honour and pleasure to command, the infinite admiration which he beheld the conduct of the Regiments composing it in the memorable and glorious battle of yesterday. The attacks of the 10th and 18th Hussars were made with that spirit which ensured success, and the second attack of the 10th Hussars, on a square of Infantry was a proof of what discipline and valour can accomplish.” An extract of a letter from Captain Charles Wood of the 10th Hussars runs: “I see the English papers say The light Dragoons could make no impression on the French Cuirassiers Now our Regiment actually rode over them. Give me the boys that will go a swinging gallop for the last seventy yards, applying both spurs when you come within 6 yards. Then, if you don’t go right over them I am much mistaken.” The 10th lost in the Battle of Waterloo two Officers, 21 other ranks, and 51 horses killed, six Officers, 40 other ranks and 35 horses wounded, while one trumpeter, 35 men and 41 horses were “Missing.” The 10th marched to Paris, which was reached ten days after the battle, and were quartered in the suburbs.
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8.00pm
1816
In January 1816, after a stay of three weeks at Boulogne, the Regiment re-embarked for England and was again quartered at Brighton. Employed for Revenue Enforcement from Hastings to Worthing. Later Part Of The Tenth Moved To The West Country For Tax Enforcement.
1816
1819
Move To Scotland For Two Years. George III Dies And Prince Of Wales Becomes George IV. Lord Stewart Becomes Colonel.
1819
1821
Return To Hounslow. Present At The Coronation Of George IV. Return To Brighton.
1821
1822
Move To Ireland; Cahir And Dublin. Here The Regiment Is Christened “The Shiny Tenth”.
1822
1824
Colonel Sir George Quintin Retires. Lt.-Colonel Henry Wyndham Is Appointed As His Successor. ( One Of The Elegant Extracts.)
1824
1825
The Tenth Returns To England And Is Posted To The West Country.
1825
1826
The Regiment Moves To Northampton. 2 Squadrons Sent To Spain For Two Years.
1826
1827-56
HOME, INDIA AND THE CRIMEAN CAMPAIGN
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1827-56
1827
After the Waterloo campaign there ensued a long period of peace. In 1827 the 10th sent two squadron to Portugal with a British force of 5,000 men despatched to support the Portugese against Spanish aggression. On the approach of the British to the frontier the Spaniards withdrew and declared their friendship with the Portugese. The British remained in Portugal until the following spring, our squadrons being employed on escort and convoy duties.
1827
1829
The Tenth Move To Leeds
1829
1830
King George IV Dies And Is Succeeded By William VI. All Favouritism For The Tenth Hussars Ends. All Hussars Are Now Dressed Alike.
1830
1831
The Tenth Move To Dublin
1831
1836
The Regiment Moves To Scotland
1836
1837
Regiment Moves To Yorkshire. King William IV Dies And Queen Victoria Is Crowned. The Tenth Act As Royal Escort At The Coronation Followed By A Move To The West Country.
1837
1840
Move To Northampton
1840
1841
The Tenth Move To Dublin.
1841
1842
Move To Ballingcollig And Cahir. Colonel Wyndham Retires And Is Replaced By Major General The Hon. Beauchamp Lygon.
1842
1845
Move To York.
1845
1846
In May 1846 the 10th embarked for India, their establishment having been increased up to eight service and one depot troops. They embarked on four ships, the last leaving England on the 8th May arrived in India, via the Cape on August 21st. The Regiment was stationed in Kirkee, near Poona, for eight years, and mounted on Arab and Persian horses.
1846
1854-5
embarked for Suez. From Suez we marched to Cairo in four days, an average of 22 miles a day. Cairo was reached on the 3rd March, but a delay of nearly six weeks occurred there owing to want of shipping to Alexandria. Eventually the Regiment completed disembarkation at Balaclava on April 17th, 109 days after leaving Kirkee. The landing of the 10th in Crimea was a subject of great interest, not only to the Cavalry Division but also to the Army in general, and our well-bred Arab horses and soldier-like men excited the admiration of all. The Regiment was over 500 strong and had brought with it some spare horses from Bombay. The Regiment turned out the morning after its arrival owing to an expected Russian advance which did not, however, take place. On the following day the Regiment took part in a reconnaissance under Omar Pasha towards Tchernaya. Owing to the scarcity of horses in the Division, which had passed the winter in the Crimea, reconnaissance, out pots, and convoy duty fell very heavily on the 10th pending the arrival of the 12th from India and of remount from England.
1854-5
May 25
On May 25th the 10th, with the 12th Lancer and two troops of R.H.A. under Colonel Parlby of the 10th, formed part of the covering troops under whose protection the allies occupied the line of Tchernaya.
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May 25
June 18
10th, formed part of the covering troops under whose protection the allies occupied the line of Tchernaya. On the 18th June one wing of the Regiment, 240 strong, under Colonel Wilkie, was detailed to act with the Sardinians under General De La Marmora. This wing acted under thatGeneral’s orders till the 23rd. furnishing outlying piquets and patrolling by day and night. On the 23rd both wings marched to join Omar Pasha at Varnootka. The Regiment was camped there for 12 days and daily employed in reconnaissance. An outbreak of Cholera caused nine deaths (Including two Officers.) during these twelve days. The Regiment returned to its camp at Karani, when Omar Pasha withdrew his troops from Varnootka Valley.
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June 18
August
On August 16th the Russians attacked the line of Tchernaya. The Russians were everywhere repulsed, but the French General in command would not allow a charge to be made, though the French and English Cavalry leaders were eager to make it and had 6,000 good Cavalry equally eager to follow them onto the field.
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August
Sept 3
On September 3rd a squadron of the 10th and a squadron of Chasseurs d’ Afrique embarked to strengthen Sir George Brown’s Force which had captured Kertch. Our squadron (120 sabres) was under Captain the Hon. F FitzClarence and consisted of his own and Captain Walrond Clarke’s troops. A number of Cossacks having been reported to be foraging within a few miles of Kertch the squadrons of the 10th and of the 2nd Chasseurs d’ Afrique, under Colonel D'Osman of that French Corps, were sent out on reconnaissance. FitzClarence troop went to a village named Kors Serai Min and Walrond Clarke’s troop to a village named Seit Ali, where each was to be joined by a troop of Chasseurs. The villages were 15 miles from Kertch and six miles apart. By some mistake both troops of the French went to the first named village. FitzClarence sent an order to Clarke to join him that night, but Clarke did not receive it until the following morning. On his way to join FitzClarence Clarke met a body of the enemy advancing towards him, he collected his troop and charged them. The enemy fled and Clarke pursued them for two miles. After passing through a defile, he found another body of 300 Cossacks forming up near their camp. He therefore retired covering his retreat through a pass with carbine fire. This checked the Cossacks for a time, but they soon began to work round the flanks of the troop of the 10th. One of the 10th writes: “Still retreating, we kept in the direction where Captain FitzClarence’s troops were expected and had gone about a mile when we heard a shout and saw a strong body of the enemy forming across our line of retreat. There was no other course open but to penetrate this newly arrived force, so, drawing in his scouts, Captain Clarke wheeled about and charged through their centre. The Cossacks met this charge with a volley (mounted) which was quite harmless. The troop of the 10th thus had the advantage of encountering the enemy at a halt and, after cutting its way through, it made good the retreat. Our casualties were one troop-Sgt. Major, one farrier, 16 men, 15 horses killed, wounded and missing.
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Sept 3
Sept 5
The Cavalry were now daily employed reconnoitring and foraging, and horses and men were kept very fit. On the 5th September the sixth and last bombardment of Sebastopol commenced; on the 8th the French stormed the Malakoff and the British attacked the Redan; after desperate fighting our troops failed to retain the Medan, but the Russians began to evacuate Sebastopol during the night. A junction was now made with FitzClarence’s troops and the squadron of Chasseurs, who were also engaged with two Regiments of Cossacks. Colonel D'Osman then fell back with the two squadrons towards Kertch, halting when opportunity offered to charge the enemy. It was afterwards reported that the enemy comprise three Regiments of Cossacks supports by eight squadrons of Hussars and guns. The 10th did not participate in much heavy fighting in the Crimea, but this affair shows that the leading of the Officers, and the valour and the determination of the men was of the same high quality as that evinced by their predecessors in the Regiment at Waterloo.
A
Sept 5
1856
FitzClarence’s squadron continued to perform out post duties near Kertch throughout the winter. The remainder of the Regiment, with the Cavalry Division, was withdraw from the Crimea to the Turkish town of Ismid, on the Sea of Marmora where the brigade was billeted till peace was proclaimed on 2nd April 1856. The Regiment returned to England in May and June, handing over their horses to the Turkish Government. To be obliged to leave behind their beautiful little Arab horses that had carried the men so well and had proved themselves such good campaigners, caused the deepest regret to all ranks.
1856
1856-63
PEACE SERVICE
A
1856-63
1856-63
A long tour of home service was now passed in England and Ireland. During this home-soldiering the Regiment ever maintained the highest reputation for its military efficiency and sporting proclivities.
1856-63
1863
On the 16th April 1863 H.R.H. Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, was gazetted to the command of the 10th Hussars, in succession to Earl Beauchamp, transferred to the command of the 2nd Life Guards, this being the second time that the Regiment had the distinguished honour of having the Prince of Wales at its head.
1863
Colonel Baker
From 1860 to 1873 the Regiment had the good fortune to be commanded by Colonel Valentine Baker, whose memory should ever be cherished by all 10th Hussars. He, it was, who introducing our Regimental call, and the custom of the band playing two hymns every evening between first and second post. After relinquishing command of the 10th Colonel Baker travelled in Persia. On his return he was employed on the Staff at Aldershot. In 1877 he took service under the Sultan in the Russio-Turkish War and, as a Major-General, proved himself a most brilliant Cavalry Leader and a General of the highest genius in an independent command, being an especial adept at that most difficult of all roles, fighting a rear-guard action
A
Colonel Baker
1865
Regiment Moves To Aldershot.
1865
1869
Hockey On Horseback. The First Game Of Polo, Introduced By The Tenth Hussars, Is Played At Hounslow Heath Against The 9th Lancers. The Tenth Wins.
1869
1872
Exercise In Wiltshire. 30,000 Troops Take Part. Colonel Valentine Baker’s Policy Of Buying Only Blood Horses Proves A Winning Strategy.
1872
1873
January Sail On Troopship Jumna To India. Colonel Baker Retires. Lt-Colonel Molyneux Takes Over. Stationed At Muttra. Under R.A. Tuition A Very Efficient Artillary Section Is Introduced.
1873
1876
Acted As Guard Of Honour To The Prince Of Wales In Delhi. Colonel Molyneux Retires. Replaced By Lt.-Colonel Lord Ralph Kerr.
1876
1877
Attended Imperial Assembly At Delhi
1877
1878-79
THE AFGHAN WAR
A
1878-79
1878
After being stationed at Muttra for four years, the Regiment marched to Rawal Pindi. Soon after arriving there Capt. Williams-Bulkeley’s squadron was ordered to march to Kohat, to join the field force under Major-General Roberts (Now Lord Roberts). On November 19th this squadron of the 10th formed the advance guard and had the honour of being the first British troops to enter Afghanistan. This squadron remained under General Robert’s command till January 31st, when it was ordered to rejoin Regimental Headquarters, which was now in Jalalabad, under Sir Sam Browne. On January 6th the force of the enemy, about 1500 strong, surrounded our camp near Matun Fort. The squadron of the 10th and a squadron of the 5th Punjab Cavalry turned out and drove the enemy back into the hills. On the squadron leaving this column General Roberts published an order in which he expressed “deep regret at losing so fine a body of men from his command” adding “no soldier could have behaved more steadily in quarters or done better service in the field.” On the 28th October the remainder of the Regiment had marched from Pindi to join the cavalry brigade of the First Division, Peshawar Valley Field Force, comprising the 10th Hussars, The Guide’s Cavalry, and the 11th Bengal Lancers, under Br. General C. Gough V.C. On the 21st November an advance was made up the Khyber Pass for the purpose of storming the Fort at Ali Musjid. This was successfully done, the enemy evacuating the Fort during the night. The Cavalry Brigade moved forward to Dhaka and thence to Jalalabad.
1878
1879
the 11th Lancers paraded at 9.30. The orders were to cross the Kabul River so as to take up a position in rear of the Khugianis, who our infantry were to attack on the morrow. The two squadrons were under Major E.A. Wood, 10th Hussars Captain Spotiswood commanding the 10th squadron. The track of the ford bent about somewhat in the shape of the letter ‘S’. There were two baggage mules in the rear of the 11th’s squadron, and the 10th leaders kept close to these to keep in touch. At a turn in the ford the two mules were swept off their legs. The 10th leaders, following in the dim moonlight, left the ford, and soon the whole squadron was struggling for life in the rushing river. The men were heavily equipped with ammunition, swords, rations etc.; the snow water of the river was icy cold and the night dark. One Officer, 46 N.C.O.s and men and 14 horses were lost. Conspicuous gallantry was displayed by Lieutenants Greenwood and Grenfell, and Private Cowley who, although they had reached the bank with the greatest difficulty and exhaustion, plunged into the black, icy water to rescue their comrades. The two Officers brought Private Goddard to land, whilst Private Cowley rescued Lieutenant the Hon. J. Napier. Thus was one of the saddest pages in our history, brightened by the self-sacrifice and devotion of the Officers and men of the Regiment. One the same night, two squadrons of the 10th marched with a force under General Charles Gough to operate on the south side of the Cabul River. At about 1.0 pm next day large bodies of the enemy were holding a “sangared” plateau in our front. General Gough advanced with the cavalry and Horse Artillery and then retired, so as to draw the enemy onto the plane and towards our infantry. This plan succeeded and, as our infantry advanced to the attack, the 10th and Guides charged the enemy’s left, killing upwards of 400 of them, and carrying the pursuit for several miles. This Cavalry action at Futtehabad was one of the most decisive ever known in frontier warfare. It was made up by two weak squadrons against vastly superior numbers of unbroken and hitherto victorious infantry. Sir Sam Browne then advanced to Gundamuck, where the new Ameer, Yahkoob Kahn, on May 8th, tendered his submission; a squadron of the 10th and a squadron of The Guides met him on the Kabul Road and escorted him to camp.
1879
June
On June 1st the 10th left Gundamuck for Rawal Pindi. On June 4th the cholera broke out and 38 men died before Ali Musjid was reached. The behaviour of the Regiment during this mournful march exacted the admiration of all. The Regiment arrived back at Pindi on the 18th of June, the anniversary of Waterloo. The following is an extract from the report on the campaign of Lieut.-General Sir Sam Browne: - “...But if the above Officers are specially mentioned, I by no means wish to detract from the high reputation which the conscientious performance of their duties by every man of that fine Regiment, the 10th Prince of Wales Own Royal Hussars, has earned for it. The Regiment is one that any service in the world would be proud of. Tried in the field at Futtehabad against greatly superior numbers, tested in many and long days reconnaissance and outpost duty, in the accident at the fords in the Cabul River, and in the attack of cholera while passing though the Khyber Pass, the high discipline and soldierlike qualities of this noble Regiment have ever shone forth, proving no less the efficiency of the present Officers than the careful training it has received in the past.”
A
June
1880 April
Private Roland Pillinger joins the Regiment in Rawal Pindi
1880 April
1880
Regiment Moves To Lucknow
1880
Sep 1881
Lt.-Colonel A. Wood Succeeds Colonel Ralph Kerr
Sep 1881
1884
The Eastern Soudan Campaign.
1884
Sep 1884
Embark At Bombay Onto Troopship Jumna For England.The 10th finished its second tour of Indian service at Lucknow, and embarked for England in the troopship Jumna on 6th February 1884. When near Aden the troops on the Jumna were ordered to take on board camp equipment and disembark at Suakim. On arrival at the port General Valentine Baker came on board. He was enthusiastically received by his old Regiment to whom he offered the horses of his three Regiments of Egyptian Gendarmerie. The Regiment again embarked with these horses and proceeded to Trinketat, four hours steam south of Suakim, to join the force under General Graham, detailed to relieve Tokar, a beleaguered Egyptian garrison. This force comprised the 10th and 19th Hussars, two brigades of infantry and a naval Brigade.
A
Sep 1884
El Teb Feb 29
On the morning of the 29th the infantry division moved off in a large square, covered by Major Gough’s squadron, 10th Hussars, the remainder of the Cavalry Brigade marching on the left rear of the Infantry square. Our advance parties having discovered the enemy in position on some sand hills round the wells of El Teb, the Cavalry moved forward to draw the enemy’s fire and then withdrew to its former position. The Arabs, after firing their Krupp guns at the Infantry square, tried to rush it but failed to get within 150 yards. Our Cavalry then advanced, and finding large numbers of the enemy in the bush, charged again and again and dispersed them. Although the mimosa bush gave the enemy cover, and caused our ranks to open out, our casualties were not severe. Two Officers, -- Major Slade and Lieutenant Probyn (9th B.L. attached)—Sergeant J Cox and three men were killed, one Officer and five men were wounded. Before the bivouac was formed Baker Pasha, with a bullet from a Krupp gun still in his face, rode to the lines of the 10th to congratulate it. The little Egyptian horses did well, Private Hayes having had no water since the previous afternoon, though their want of size and pace was felt in getting through the bush. During the action Bandsman Hayes distinguished himself by dismounting and attacking a group of Arabs with his fists. Having knocked them down he mounted again.
A
El Teb Feb 29
Tamai March 13
Tokar being relieved without further fighting, the force returned to Trinketat, where the 10th re-embarked and returned to Suakim.It was now decided to attack the tribes in their stronghold of Tamai. The enemy was discovered in position on the evening of the 12th. The Infantry formed a zareba for the night. The Cavalry returned to Baker’s zareba to water, rejoining the Infantry at 7 a.m. on the 13th. The whole force then advanced the Infantry in two squares and the Cavalry in three lines on the left rear of the 2nd Infantry Brigade. As the force approached the broad nullah, in which about 10,000 of the enemy were assembled, parties of Arabs came out to attack, but retreated in front of the fire which was poured into them. Our leading square was then ordered to charge, but the flanks not hearing the order, a gap occurred. The Arabs at once took advantage of this gap and dashed in in hundreds, stabbing the rear rank men and penetrating to the sailors and their machine guns. The square fell back some distance in disorder. To create a diversion the Cavalry was brought up and ordered to charge. The enemy’s position however was behind a precipice of rocks. Colonel Wood halted the first line, and Lieutenant Alsopp, dismounting his squadron, enfiladed the enemy Major Holley’s battery opening fire at the same time, the enemy were unable to come up. Then General Buller brought the First Brigade to the edge of the nullah, and poured such a heavy fire onto the Arabs below that they were soon in hot retreat. Meanwhile the Second Brigade had rallied an, advancing, completed the enemy’s defeat.
A
Tamai March 13
April
There was no further heavy fighting, but the Regiment was constantly employed on reconnaissance and convoy duties, and took part in another advance inland to Tamainieb. The enemy now withdrew from the district and the British Government ordered to troops to embark. The horses were handed over to the Egyptians, and on the 29th March the 10th again embarked on board the Jumna for England, arriving at Portsmouth on April 21st 1884. The good feeling which existed between the men of the 10th and the Royal Nay in this campaign was remarkable. The sailors helped us to make nosebags, head ropes and other camp kit which was wanting when we took over the Egyptian horses, and on our return to Trinketat after the battle of El Teb, the 10th went out to meet the Naval Brigade, and the sailors allowed our men to assist them with their guns, an honour which hitherto they had refused any other corps. General Baker remained at the head of the Egyptian Gendarmerie till his death in November 1887.
A
April
1884 May
Shortly after the 10th arrived home H.M.King Edward – then Prince of Wales—inspected the Regiment. After the medal for the campaign had been presented by the Princess, the Prince addressed the Regiment congratulating it on its services in Afghanistan and the Eastern Soudan, and added “ It is now 21 years since Her Majesty conferred upon me the honour of Colonel of the Tenth Hussars, and I feel proud to be connected with it.”Surely every present and past 10th Hussar must echo this last sentence!
1884 May
1885
The 10th also furnished a contingent for the Light Camel Corps in September 1884, consisting of two Officers and 45 other ranks. These served in the Nile Expedition, Lord Airlie Four men losing their lives, the survivors returning to the Regiment in July 1885. Lord Airlie, the Adjutant of the 10th, also served in this expedition as Brigadier Major to Brigadier General Sir Herbert Stewart. He was wounded at Abu Klea and Gubat, where his chief received his death wound. In November 1884 Lieut.- Colonel Gough went to South Africa to take part in Sir C Warren’s Bechuanaland Expedition, whilst the following February Captain R.H.W.Wilson went on special service to the Eastern Soudan. Thus, whilst the Regiment was serving at home, it was well represented in whatever part of the globe fighting was in progress.
1885
1887
Tenth Hussars Take A Leading Roll In The Jubilee Celebrations For Queen Victoria. Colonel Liddell Retires And Replaced By Lt.-Colonel Viscount Downe.
1887
1889
During the service at home H.M. The King – then H.R.H. The Prince of Wales – as Colonel visited the Regiment and commanded it, making a stay of some days on the occasion of a visit to York, residing in Barracks, commanding it at a Field Day on the Knavesmere and thoroughly inspecting the interior economy
1889
1890
Detachment Sent To North Wales To Enforce Tythe Collection.
1890
1891
Move To Curragh, And Later Dublin, Ireland
1891
1892 Jan
In 1885, His late Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence was gazetted to the 10th, and served in it successfully as Subaltern, Captain and Major, accompanying it to Ireland in 1891. His brother, H.R.H. The Duke of York (now Prince of Wales) visited the Regiment here, and the two Princes left for England on the 30th October, the Duke of Clarence on winter leave; it was decreed that he was never to rejoin, for alas on the 14th January 1892, not only his Regiment, but the nation was plunged into grief by the announcement of the death of H.R.H. at Sandringham. Colonel Viscount Downe, commanding the Regiment, and nine Officers proceeded to Windsor, and acted as pall bearers at the funeral on the 20th January; and 20 non-commissioned Officers and men of the Regiment under the Honourable Captain J.Byng, bore the body of their late Officer from the train to the gun carriage at the station, preceded it to St George’s Chapel, into which they carried it, and remained in the nave of the chapel until the conclusion of the burial service, when they again resumed their sad office, and laid the Royal corpse in its last resting place – The Albert Memorial Chapel. Literally it may be said that the 10th accompanied their Royal comrade to the extreme limit of his earthly journey, and with sorrowing hearths there bade him a mute adieu. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales subsequently (asked) that his and the Princess of Wales thanks should be conveyed by letter to the Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and men of the 10th “for the great kindness all ranks invariably showed their son, from the first day he joined the Regiment until they carried him to his grave”. “as long as they live they will ever remember with gratitude the never ceasing respect and devotion their son met with in the 10th Hussars, a gratitude which the poor young Duke also felt when serving in the Regiment he was so proud of”.
1892 Jan
1894
Regiment Moves To Ballingcollig
1894
1895
Move To Newbridge
1895
1896
Lt.-Colonal Fisher-Childe Succeeds Colonel Wood.
1896
1897
Tenth Returns To Aldershot. Attended The Diamond Jubilee Celebrations Of Queen Victoria. The Tenth Was Probably The Only Regiment, With The Exception Of The Household Troops To Attend Her Majesty’s Coronation And Both Jubilees.
1897
1898
Move To Canterbury
1898
1899-1902
2nd South Africa War.
1899-1902
1899 Nov
Owing to the non-success of the British Government to obtain equitable treatment for the British subjects resident within the Republic of South Africa, war was declared on the 11th October 1899, and the 10th Hussars was among the Regiments ordered to the seat of hostilities. Accordingly, on the 3rd and 4th November 1899 the Regiment embarked at Liverpool for Cape Town – the whole of “A” Squadron and a troop of “B” on the transport Ismore, and Headquarters and the remainder of the Regiment on the Colombia. The sailing of both ships was delayed by bad weather for some days, indeed the Ismore did not get away from home waters until 11th November, having had to put back into Milford Haven on account of the suffering of the horses, 18 having died. On 3rd December, when within 90 miles of Cape Town, the Ismore having gone many miles out of her course, stuck on the dangerous reefs at Colombine Port, Paternoster Bay, and became a total wreck. The behaviour of all the troops on board – 10th Hussars, 63rd Battery Royal Field Artillery, and No. 12 Bearer Company Royal Army Medical Corps – was admirable, and despite the peril of the situation the most perfect order and discipline was maintained. Every effort was made to save the horses but only some score could be steered through the dangerous passage of submerged rocks which marked to course of some two or three miles to a practicable landing place. Of these, 17 were 10th horses, 24 had died on the voyage and 160 were drowned. The salvage ofthe battery guns, carriages, ammunition, ambulances, field forges, and immense stocks of supplies was impossible. With the assistance of native fishermen from the village of Paternoster, every soldier and sailor on board were rescued and landed on the barren coast of the Bay. It was impossible for any ship to approach, and on 5th December, orders were received to proceed to St Helena Bay. This involved an arduous march across sand veldt, under the summer sun of South Africa, but was accomplished with casualties. At the Bay the troops were embarked by means of launches and pinnaces of H.M.S. Doris, on board the Columbian which had delivered the Headquarters and “B” and “C” squadron safely to Cape Town on the 3rd, and was ordered to return to pick up the ill fated Ismore’s passengers. The Columbian made Cape Town about noon on the 6th.
A
1899 Nov
Dec 7th
On the following morning the detachment disembarked and were at once railed to Stellenbosch, were Argentine remounts were received and trained, tents, saddlery, arms etc drawn; on the 19th left for Arundel to rejoin Headquarters, which had already been twice engaged, and lost one man and two men wounded. From this date until 4th February the Regiment engaged in the important operations Operations near Colesberg under General French; a front of 40 miles had to be protected by a small cavalry force, and the duties were harassing, arduous and incessant. Engagements were fought and many men were lost. In one, on the 4th January 1900, Major C. Harvey was killed whilst gallantly leading his squadron into a dismounted attack.
A
Dec 7th
Two V.C.s
On the 5th Sir John Milbanke was out with a patrol and was severely wounded in the Sir John Milbanke V.C. pelvis. He had already reached one of our piquets, after being wounded, when he saw that the horse of one of his patrol had been shot and that the rider was dismounted and being shot at. He thereupon galloped back to help the man who proved to be Corporal Barclay, and managed to get him upon his own horse, and carried him to the piquet, where, in the act of dismounting, he fainted from loss of blood. The act had been witnessed by Generals French and Brabazon, who considered it a most heroic deed, and recommended Sir John for the Victoria Cross. It was presented to him by Queen Victoria at the last public function Her Late Majesty attended. Another recipient of this coveted decoration was Sergeant Henry Engleheart. This Sergeant H. Engleheart V.C. non-Commissioned Officer was wounded on 2nd January 1900, but soon returned to his duty and served in every engagement up to the arrival of the Regiment at Rustemburg after the taking of Pretoria. The night beforethe capture of Bloomfontein he was detached from the Regiment with a party of Cavalry Pioneers, under Colonel Hunter Weston. This party advanced beyond the town to destroy the railway line, and thus prevent the escape of the enemy’s rolling-stock. The work was most successfully accomplished, Sergeant Engleheart occupying a covering position. After completing his task with the greatest of coolness and courage, in close proximity to a Boar piquet, he cut his way back through it. He also, under heavy shell and rifle fire, in imminent peril of capture, rescued Sapper Webb of the Royal Engineers, who was dismounted in a deep spruit.
A
Two V.C.s
Feb
The Regiment on the 4th February entrained at Rensburg, and proceeded to Modder River Station and formed part of the army under Lord Roberts, being brigaded with the Household Cavalry and 12th Lancers under General Broadwood. It took part in the glorious Kimberley ride and the relief of that beleaguered town, being engaged at the Reit River, at Klip Drift, and desultorily all along the line of march; through burning veldt, under a hot sun and on short rations. Kimberley was relieved on the 15th February and a much need rest here was anticipated, but at 1.30 a.m. on 17th information was received that Conje was retiring with his whole army and a very large convoy and making for Koodoe’s Ranch Drift. The 2nd Cavalry Brigade was ordered to try and cut him off and was to be supported by General French, with two squadrons of the Carabineers, and two batteries Royal Horse Artillery. The brigade marched at 3 a.m. and after covering about 25 miles, arrived on a ridge overlooking the Modder River; there was beheld a very large convoy on our side of the river, apparently just going to cross; we immediately began to shell it, and effectively stopped the crossing. An exciting incident occurred here. “A” Squadron was sent off to take a commanding kopje, away on our right flank; a strongish party of Boars having already started from their main body to get possession of the kopje. A hot race ensued, the squadron took it in fine style, and were re-enforced by “B”. A picture of this incident is now in the Officers’ mess. The gratifying result of this strenuous day’s work, following on the exertions made in the relief of Kimberley, fully compensated for every privation and all fatigues. Our brigade had headed off the Boer Commandant Piet Cronje, with some 5000 Transvaal and Free State burghers, stores, ammunition and transport, and compelled him to take refuge in the long stretch of the Modder River, which lies between Paardeburg and Wolveskraal Drifts. This was the situation on the night of 17th February. During the night the British Infantry were converging on Paardeburg, and effectively reduced Cronje’s position to a seemingly hopeless one – and so it proved to be, for after much heroic fighting and loss of life on both sides, the moment of surrender came on the morning of 27th February. The surrender furnishes a remarkablecoincidence for it was on the nineteenth anniversary of the battle of Majuba that the Boar’s white flag fluttered over the Modder River at Paardeburg.On 13th February, marching at the utmost capacity of men and horses; on the 14th after a march of 13 hours, engaged in a fight at the river, and pursuing the enemy for three miles; on the 15th after a glorious charge covering 40 miles and relieving Kimberley; on 17th marching from 3 a.m. to intercept Cronje at Koodoos Rand; from then until 27th marching, reconnoitring and fighting with Cronje inside his laager, and De Wet outside. From 28th to 6th March there was rest, but scant rations for men and horses, and very heavy rains which saddened everything. On March 7th the action at Poplar Grove; the battle of Driefontein on the 10th. On 11th and 12th marches from sunrise to dark and on 13th the entry into Bloemfontein. And all this by men on half rations, riding horses which did not get quarter rations, and could scarcely be urged beyond as walk, in a land where water is scarce and the sun semi tropical.
A
Feb
March
On 6th March the Regiment, as part of the Cavalry Division, moved to Omsfontain, the first stage of the advance to Bloemfontein, taking part in the battle for Poplar Grove on the 7th and that of Driefontein on the 10th, reaching Ferreira Spruit, some four miles from the capital of the free State, in pitch darkness, on the night of the 12th. On the 13th it was found that President Steyn and his irreconcilables had fled, and Lord Roberts was met with a deputation who tendered the submission of the town. At about 1 o’clock Lord Roberts and the troops made formal entry into Bloemfontein, and spectators have placed it on record how, from that column of ill-clad, weary soldiers worn with half rations and long marches, there was not heard one jeer, nor taunting or exultant word as they marched into their enemy’s capital. How much had been accomplished in the brief month since the Regiment entered the enemy’s country! From 28th to 6th March there was rest, but scant rations for men and horses, and very heavy rains which saddened everything. On March 7th the action at Poplar Grove; the battle of Driefontein on the 10th. On 11th and 12th marches from sunrise to dark and on 13th the entry into Bloemfontein. And all this by men on half rations, riding horses which did not get quarter rations, and could scarcely be urged beyond as walk, in a land where water is scarce and the sun semi tropical. On 18th March the Regiment was ordered to form part of a column to go to Thaba N’Chu on the road to Lady Brand, the centre of the richest grain growing part of the Free State, about 40 miles east of Bloemfontein. The total available strength of the Regiment was under 180, and it was selected because it had more horses fit for duty than the other two Regiments of the brigade. On the 22nd the majority of the column remained in bivouac. “B” squadron and some mounted infantry, under Pilcher, being sent on to some flour mills, half way between Thaba N’Chu and Lady Brand, to collect scattered burghers, and watch a large commando said to be returning from Colesberg. Things moved quietly until Pilcher went into Lady Brand to seize the town, leaving our Maxim gun and some Mounted Infantry on the heights above. The squadron, which was barely 30 strong entered the town and took the Landdrost prisoner. The inhabitants received then with white flags and open arms. They scarcely completed their business with the Landdrost when several hundreds of Boers appeared on three sides of the town, galloping towards the squadron with the obvious intention of cutting it off. Lord William Bentinck, the squadron leader, ordered the retire to be sounded and they galloped out of the town under very heavy fire. They retired on the Maxim gun and this action undoubtedly saved them from being cut off. Three men were wounded and four (including two of the wounded) taken prisoners. The Landdrost was brought away a prisoner in his own Cape cart, the pace of which he was “encouraged” to increase by Captain Chaplin, who held a revolver pointed at his head. This happened on 29th arch, and Pilcher, learning that the enemy was following him in force, pushed on the same night for Thaba N’Chu – a forced march in which some of his horses must have covered between 50 and 60 miles in 24 hours. On the 30th, in consequence of rumours that the Boers were advancing on Thaba N’Chu, about mid day the force was ordered to saddle up, and the transport was to “inspan” at once. Natives had reported an advance by the Boers in force, and that another force was working round to cut us off at the Modder River waterworks. “A” Squadron was sent to hold the nec east of the town. The transport marched about 2 p.m., with orders to cross the Modder and outspan there. The remainder of the column awaited orders until dark, when having been rejoined by “A” Squadron, they retired: marching until 3a.m., crossed the river and found the transport formed up on the west bank bivouacked. About 6 a.m. on the 31st whilst at breakfast, a shell fire from a gun on the east side of the river, pitched into the midst of the Regiment, was then discovered that the enemy had taken up a position on that side. They shelled the Regiment vigorously, shell after shell dropping in its midst, but miraculously did no harm. The Transport was ordered to “inspan” and move at once, “U” Battery accompanying it; the direction given was Boesman’s Kop.
A
March
As soon as the transport was clear the Cavalry retired slowly; our guns, up to this, did not fire a shot at the enemy’s Artillery. After covering about two miles the Transport came to Koorn Spruit, or Sannas Post, and began to enter the drift; “U” Battery was on the right close to the drift, waiting its turn to cross. After the Regiment had marched about a mile a few scattered men were seen riding about 2000 yards on the right flank: they were found to be Boers. The Regiment moved slowly on until the leading troop was within about 50 yards of the spruit, when a terrific fire was opened from it, and we retired. The situation appeared very serious; Our rear was threatened by Boers in position with Artillery, our front and right strongly held, the left only remaining open: The Regiment and Household Cavalry were ordered to try and cross the spruit on the left and we galloped off to do so. All this time we were under heavy fire, rider-less horses were galloping about in all directions, a gun drawn by riderless horses was brought through the ranks at lightening pace, transport wagons and other vehicles were in a similar state, and the scene was an appalling one. After a considerable detour the Household Cavalry found a place to cross, and we discovered one on their left. We crossed and made for the ridge above it with a view to making a turning movement to our right, but could not do so due to our decimated strength. We retired slowly on Springfontein and there bivouacked. Our casualties were three killed, five wounded; two Officers and some of the men have been taken when patients in the Ambulance wagons. The men in charge of the regimental ammunition wagons behaved with great gallantry and coolness, and succeeded in extricating their charges from the chaos described above. Two of them, Privates McMillan and Tharratt received Distinguished Conduct Medals for their courageous behaviour under most trying circumstances.
A
Advance on Pretoria
On the 30th, set out at dawn, and after about 12 miles encountered heavy rifle and pom-pom fire from a force of Boers in a strong position; very little damage however was done and at nightfall the brigade retired. The march continued on the 1st May, the Regiment leading and a little fighting done; the advance was resumed on 3rd May on which day our scouts found the enemy holding a ridge and forced them to retire. Our casualties were few. On the 4th the battle of Welkom was fought, the Regiment being in the saddle almost continuously from 6.30 a.m. to dark. Off again on the 5th, and occupied Winburg without opposition, resuming the march on the 6th, halting at Groot Dam. Moved again on the 9th, fought at Zand River on the 10th, the Regiment captured about 40 prisoners and five wagons. And so we went on, marching and putting up fights of more or less magnitude nearly daily until the 5th June, when we entered Pretoria, and, after marching through it, bivouacked six miles outside of it.
A
Advance on Pretoria
Diamond Hill
On the following day the Regiment was again on the move, and marched until the 11th when an active part was taken in the important battle of Diamond Hill. Her “Q” Battery came under terrific rifle fire, had to fire case shot, and was only saved by the 12th Lancers and Household Cavalry charging the enemy. A Troop of “C” Squadron under Sergeant Lyons acted with the 12th Lancers and took part in the charge. Lord Airlie The 12th had to deplore the loss of their leader, the gallant Earl of Airlie, who fell on retiring after the charge, and the 10th Hussars mourned the loss of an Officer who had served with them from 1876 to 1895. After this the Regiment was engaged daily marching and counter-marching in the Transvaal, suffering slight losses, and on the 29th crossed the Vaal River and was again in the Orange Free State, the name of which had been changed by Proclamation to “Orange River Colony”. On the 3rd July at Frankfort, 18 men who had been prisoners of war at Pretoria since Sannas Post, rejoined. From now on the 10th took part in the pursuit of De Wet, who, with Steyn, had an army of Boers numbering some thousands; several small engagements were fought, and Hore’s larger relieved: he had been besieged, surrounded by a vastly superior force under De la Reey, at Elands River for 12 days. On arrival the enemy withdrew. The defending force consisting chiefly of Queenslanders, had made a magnificent resistance in a poor position; for two days, before they had time to entrench, they were under very heavy shell fire from hills which commanded their position from three sides, at comparatively close range. Their entrenchments were wonderful, made in ground like iron, with few tools. They had 74 casualties out of 400 men, and 500 horses only 70 remained. Again moved off, the pursuit and round-up of Boers was resumed, and on 26th September 1900 Rustenburg was reached; from this place until 20th December many small treks in and out, were carried out, rounding up burghers, searching farms and destroying crops.
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Diamond Hill
Eastern Trek
Now commenced the march to take part in a big enveloping movement with theobject of driving the Boers on to the boarders of Swaziland and Zululand. The Regiment was railed to Natal Spruit and marched thence to Springs on the 4th, fought at Halfontein on the 12th, and here on the 26th the Regiment was armed with rifles and the carbines withdrawn. The next day the movement referred to above was commenced our column being one of several moving via Bethel, and Ermelo Alderson was our left Allenby on our right, Pulteney, with whom was French, between us and Allenby, slightly in rear; Dartnell was south of Alderson, Smith-Dorrien and Campbell worked south from Middleburg. The movement occupied until the 12th April, when the column arrived at Glencoe, Natal, the results as far as the brigade was concerned, having been captures of 50 Boers, about 4,000 cattle, 15,000 sheep, 100 carts and wagons and 583 horses. The Regiment lost a few men and horses shot in small fights. From 18th February to 10th March we were in dire straits for food at Piet Retief; rain was incessant, and the river Assegei so flooded that no supplies could reach us. Men were placed on arrival here at half rations, but this was speedily reduced to a half-pound of mealie meal per man. A species of coffee was made for mealies, roasted and ground in a mill found in a deserted farm. Fruit was also collected and issued as ration. There was no forage, but grass was good and horses were sent out under strong piquets to graze. The day after arrival at Glencoe orders were received to entrain for Pretoria, and this was done by squadrons on the 13th, 14th and 15th April. On reaching Elandsfontein, in accordance with later instructions, the Regiment went to Springs whence, on 4th May, with the brigade, a move was made to Heidelberg, and a march made through the Eastern Transvaal to Middelberg. Fighting, the capture of prisoners, horses, cattle and other livestock and the destruction of crops and grain stores was the occupation of the column, the most serious encounter being near Bethel, which town, as that of Piet Reteif, Paul Pietersdorp, and others had been by this time destroyed. Middelburg was reached on the 16th July, and here the second cavalry brigade was broken up. Originally formed of the composite Regiment of Household Cavalry, the 10th and the 12th Lancers, it remained so constituted until the 1`2th October 1900, when the first named left Rustenberg to return to England; its place was taken by the 8th Hussars. The two Regiments that had, since the departure from the Modder River Station, marched side by side over thousands of miles of veldt, fought shoulder to shoulder in many a hard fight, and shared with the best spirit of comradeship all the trials and privations incidental to campaigning, here parted with mutual regrets that their paths might be in different direction for the remainder of the war.
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Eastern Trek
Return to Cape Colony
A new phase of the war was now entered upon. Small columns were the order of theday, and the 10th Hussars entrained to Naauwpoort, Cape Colony, arriving on the 21st July with a section of “” Royal Horse Artillery, field hospital, and supply column, formed one of these columns whose object was to pursue the enemy wherever they met, and frustrate his practice of annoying loyalists. A strong feeling of rebellion was spreading over the colony, and successes gained by such spirited commandos as those of Scheepers, Kritzinger, and others induced many a colonist to join them.
A
Return to Cape Colony
Lord Beatnik
On the 2nd August, on arriving at Graaf Reinet, “B” Squadron was ordered to proceed,with a pom-pom section, to Aberdeen and left the column during the night. Hereafter it acted as an independent column until the end of the war, ten months later; its scene of occupation was Aberdeen, Murraysburg, Richmond, Elandspoort, Taaiboschfontein, Biejiespoort Station, Krom River Station, Carnarvon, Arbeitersfontein, and Colesberg etc. and valuable work was done in harassing the commandos of Wessels, Pypers, and others. The squadron accounted for many of the enemy killed and captured, and rendered good service in protecting the lines of blockhouses during the construction and after completion. Luckily little damage was inflicted on it by the enemy. The commander of the tiny column, Lord William Bentinck, who was also “B” Squadron’s leader, was mentioned in despatches for the good work done under his leadership, and received the D.S.O. The Headquarters and “A” and “C” Squadrons performed services of a similar nature, scouring the country from Graaf Reinet in a westerly direction, through Baviaans Kloof where several casualties were sustained in a fight against superior numbers in unassailable positions. Thence to Uniondale, where on the 19th August, near Avontuur, a very critical situation was relieved by precipitate, but orderly, retirement to a pass in the hills, the nek of which commanded the only possible line of the enemy’s advance. The column, which on this day, -- 19th August – consisted only of the two squadrons of the 10th with its supply column, numbered 205 of all ranks. It was advanced on Avontuur, which was menaced by the Boers in force, under Scheepers and Van de Merwe. The hills through which it had to march and the roads precluded the possibility of taking the guns which had been left behind. When within a mile of its objective, the enemy, from well concealed positions in the surrounding hills, opened a heavy fire upon the column, checking its advance. The Boers came on in overwhelming numbers from ridge to ridge, pouring in a heavy fire, and a number were getting round the flank with the obvious intention of cutting off the line of retreat. The order to retire was given. The ammunition had run out, and five boxes only was obtainable from the town of Uniondale. The line of retreat was most difficult, some distance of it being exposed to the Boer fire – the road here was very narrow, the towering hill on one side, a deep declivity on the other; this was negotiated by one man at a time, with an interval of two horses’ length between each: despite the incessant fire of the enemy, not one man was hit in this bullet swept zone, the summit of the hill was gained, the nek held, and the burghers checked. One man was killed, a Squadron Sergeant-Major mortally wounded, two Officers severely wounded and four men wounded. The squadrons remained in their position that night and next day; during the night the enemy retired. Two squadrons of our old comrades the 12th Lancers, who were also working in this part of the colony, and had been ordered to make a forced march to reinforce us, arrived at Uniondale during the night. \on the 21st the remainder of the 12th and a section of “Q” Royal Horse Artillery arrived at Uniondale, and our squadrons came down from the hills and bivouacked to the west of the town.
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Lord Beatnik
Pursuit
Still hot in pursuit, the column followed in their tracks, on the 24th, and engaged them in East Jagt Drift and killing one, taking three prisoners, also compelling them to abandon three prisoners they had belonging to the District Mounted Troops. They fled to Palmiet Drift of the Doorn Rivier and escaped through a nek of the hills. The column marched daily, frequently in touch with the quarry, until 3rd September when it arrived at Montagu, and received supplies and remounts off the rail at Ashton Station. Resumed the chase on the 7th, which did not relax until arrival at Matjiesfontein on the 12th. Here we remained until the 23rd, receiving 183 remounts, and being reinforced by a draft of 25 men from home. On 23rd the pursuit of Commandant Scheepers was again taken up, and continued without ceasing daily, and often nightly, until the 11th October when Captain Shearman, with “A” Squadron, acting on information, proceeded to Kopjies Kraal, found the famous leader concealed in a farmhouse, and took him prisoner. Captain Shearman received the congratulations of General French and the Governor of the Cape of Good Hope on his achievement. The squadrons which had acted independently in different parts of the neighbourhood again met and marched to Frazerberg Road Station, whence the column marched, on the 17th October, on Prince Albert to head off a commando under Pypers: this column consisted of the remnants of Scheepers’ force, reinforced by Bouwers Commando and accompanied by Smuts. Again a persistent pursuit was made in a country in which the numerous kloofs and neks of hills afforded great facilities for elusion of the pursuers. Some skirmishes took place and a few casualties in the column resulted. In one Lieutenant Koetze of the enemy was killed by a sergeant of “A” Squadron, by a revolver shot.
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Pursuit
Western Provinces
On the 2nd November, at Constable, orders were received to proceed to Moorreesburg by rail and the column entrained at Toouws Rivier Station, reaching Moorreesburg on the 4th. From now until the cessation of hostilities the column was occupied in the pursuit of Maritz and Theron, the relief of Piquetberg, the protection o the line of blockhouses from Lamberts Bay to Clan William, the relief of Garies, and finally receiving the arms of the surrendered Boers, and escorting them to the rail at Porteville Road. 660 were handed over here on the 24th June, with 947 horses, 328 mules, and many carts, wagons etc. A performance worthy of note was that of four men of the 10th (two of whom being invalided), who, with three others of other Regiments, were left behind at Moorreesburg when the squadrons left there for Piquetberg. The enemy entered the town and took possession of it. The seven soldiers shut themselves up in a blockhouse, and although threatened with death if they did not surrender, held out for several hours, inflicting considerable damage upon the foe. Only when their ammunition ran out did they yield, and it says much for the magnanimity of the Boers that they were permitted to leave the town, without suffering any indignity save the deprivation of their arms.
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Western Provinces
War Ends
Thus terminated a war in which the Regiment had been marching and fighting continuously for two years and seven months, including operations in the Cape Colony, the Orange Free State, the Transvaal, and Natal. The war was one that brought out the best spirit of the Empire, and which proved to the world the indissoluble ties which bind all Britons to the Mother Country. Who can forget how her sons from the uttermost portions of that Empire poured into South Africa to fight shoulder to shoulder? Gentlemen who are familiar figures with the Quorn, the Pytchley or the Belvoir, farmer’s sons, business men, working men and artisans from all parts of the British Isles, cowboys from the vast plains of the North-West, gullies from the Southerland deer forests, bushmen from the back blocks of Australia, men from Ontario, from India and Ceylon, the sturdy Canadians who gave up their lives so freely at Paardeburg, the horsemen of New Zealand and New South Wales, the irregulars of South Africa, and from every part of Greater Britain – all responded to the call with a spontaneity which struck a note of admiration and doubtless envious surprise, through the civilized world. The splendid services given by all was a trenchant reply to the soldiers of the continent who had cast jibes at our little army for so long; they were compelled to admit that the Imperial fighting resources of Great Britain is no contemptible quantity, and that on the South African veldt, and in its fastnesses, in common danger and common privation, the blood brotherhood of the Empire was incontestably proved for once and all. The Regiment was again a solid unit when, at Porteville Road on 24th June, “B” Squadron rejoined. From this place 100 reservist left for home, and 157 horses were returned to the Remount Depot at Worcester. On 21st July “A” Squadron proceeded to Porterville, and on 24th “B” Squadron to Moorreessburg to be stationed and improve the racial feeling. On 26th “C” Squadron (Headquarters) marched to Malmesbury. “B” Squadron rejoined Headquarters on the 23rd August and this distribution continued until 21st September when the Regiment railed to Cape Town., and embarked next day on the hired transport Lake Manitoba for India. During the short stay of the Regiment at Malmesbury it became very popular, and the whole town, with a band, was present at the station to witness its departure. Here the Coronation of His Majesty was celebrated most successfully and imposingly, the Regiment taking the most prominent part in the parade and at the service in the church. Mounted sports were held and a concert given in the town hall, which were tremendous successes.
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War Ends
Sept 1902
On the 22nd September the whole of the Regiment embarked, also on the same ship our old comrades-in-arms, the 12th Lancers, and the 1st Munster Fusiliers, with detachments of the Suffolk and Borders Regiments. Very bad weather rendered it inadvisable to leave Table Bay until the 24th, and Bombay was not reached until the 10th October. Next day the Regiment disembarked and railed to Mhow, where it was stationed until 30th September 1906.
Sept 1902
Sept 1902
During the regiment's brief stay in Malmesbury Lt.-Colonel Alexander hose entire command had been spent in continuous action, and who had been twice wounded, retired to England on leave. In his place Lt.-Colonel the Hon. J. Byng was appointed to command the regiment.
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Sept 1902
1904
Colonel Byng had little more than eighteen months with the regiment when a severe fall at polo resulted in his having to return to England and in 1904 he was succeeded by Lt.-Colonel C. McM. Kavanagh.Under his command the Tenth continued to excel. On one manoeuvre they even managed to cover a distance of ninety miles across rough country within twenty-four hours, and some patrols even covering 120 miles which must be an all-time record.
1904
1905
During this period the most notable event was the march to Bombay for duty during the visit of R.H.The Prince and Princess of Wales. An old 10th Hussar, the Earl of Shaftesbury was in attendance to H.R.H. and his presence with the Regiment again was highly appreciated. The Regiment was encamped upon the Marine Lines in Bombay, from the 3rd to the 20th November 1905, and was employed at Ceremonial Parades, on Escort Duty etc. To their R.H. The Prince and Princess of Wales; to the retiring Vicroy of India, Lord Curzon of Kedlestone, and to his successor the Earl of Minto. H.R.H. the Prince of Wales was pleased to write the following letter and expressly desired that it should be published for information- “The Prince of Wales ensures all ranks of the 10th Hussars what a gratification it has been to him to be escorted by the Regiment during his stay in Bombay. H.R.H. is delighted that this duty has been performed by the Regiment of which the King has been Colonel-in-Chief for so many years, and which he always associated with the name of his dear brother, the Duke of Clarence, during whose lifetime he himself knew the Regiment so intimately. “The Prince fully realizes the distance of the Regiment’s journey to and from Bombay, and how hard their work has been in the intense heat, and he much regrets that time would not permit of his visiting them in their camp here H.R.H. is proud to think that he has had, as his first escort here in India, the whole of the 10th Hussars, and he will have great pleasure in letting the King know how smart the Regiment has always appeared on parade, and that its duties have been carried out to his utmost satisfaction”
1905
1906
The Regiment was selected to fill up the frontier station, Rawal Pindi, on the departure of the 9th Lancers for South Arica, which Regiment we relieved on 3rd October 1906. The hopes of all ranks are still sanguine that the presence of the Regiment in this most advanced station for British Cavalry in India may be favourable for its selection for active service. The 9th Lancers, whom they relieved there, were badly affected by Malaria and conditions were bad. Lt.-Colonel John Vaughan who now succeeded to command, at once took vigorous action against flies and mosquitoes and soon afterwards there were no further attacks.
1906
1906-10
Colonel Vaughan introduced the Regimental Gazette, and first issued in 1907 edited by that most efficient Quarter-master Major Roland Pillinger who had enlisted with the Tenth in 1879. If not the first of its kind, this quarterly magazine was certainly among the first and very soon by far the best. Col. Vaughan began internal sporting events and in competition with the 12th Lancers. He himself won the coveted Kadir Cup for Pig Sticking in 1907. The Regiment also won the Inter-Regimental Polo Championship each year from 1907 tov 1912, a record never beaten. In 1909, with the help of Major Pillinger, he also produced a Regimental History pocket book to encourage pride in the regiment within the troops. The Old Comrades Association was also opened to all ranks, holding an annual dinner and encompassing a relief fund for deserving cases , and employment found for those requiring jobs. Regimental Gazettes from 1907 until 1935 can be found at: XRH Gazettes
1906-10
History Timeline

History Timeline

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The Regiment was raised in Hertfordshire and surrounding counties by Brigadier Humphrey Gore in 1715, as the Tenth Regiment of Dragoons. This was in response to the Jacobite Rising. Mounts were to be no more than fifteen hands high. The Regiment never saw action against the Jacobites.

Law and revenue enforcement was the Regiment’s duty at home for the next 30 years. Pay for a Private was 1s 9p per day less the cost of food.

History Timeline

History Timeline

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Copyright 2019 © Major Pillinger/Richard Pillinger. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission is strictly prohibited. www.sciweb.co.uk

Troopship HM Ismore Sinking in Paternoster Bay

The Ismore Sinking on the Rocks in Paternoster Bay

Wreck of Troopship Ismore

 

 

No Lives Lost —- Supposed Drowning of Many Horses

 

The Secretary of the Admiralty states that information has been received from the Commander-in-Chief at the Cape of Good Hope, dated December 3rd, reporting that the transport Ismore struck on the rocks off Columbine Point, near St Helen’s Bay, distant about 75 miles north of Table Bay, in calm, thick weather. The troops had been landed, also a quantity of baggage, most of the guns, swords, carbines and some ammunition. The men were reported to be comfortable and plenty of food available. The Admiralty was sending HM ships Niobe and Doris, also the transport Columbine, with lighters to assist.

A copy of a telegram has been received from the principal transport officer at Cape Town, dated the 4th inst., reporting that the transport Ismore (no 52.)broke up on Sunday night. Her stern is out of water and her bows gone. All hands and 20 horses were saved and will probably entrain to Malmesbury. The Ismore, which went ashore in Helen’s Bay on Sunday morning is the second transport that has come to grief on the voyage to the Cape the Persia having been disabled in a storm at St Vincent while conveying the C Squadron of Dragoons and some men of the Inniskillings on November 8th. In the latter case all the troops and horses were successfully transferred to the transport Goth, but in the case of the Ismore a large number of the horses were lost. She had on board the 63rd Field Battery, Royal Artillery from Bristol, “A” Squadron of the Tenth Hussars and a troop of “B” Squadron of the Tenth Hussars from Aldershot, and No. 9 Company (Bearer) Royal Army Medical Corp from Colchester. The military details would necessarily have with them a considerable number of horses, for the mounted troops on board number 460. As only 20 horses were reported saved, it is feared that the loss of animals is serious, inasmuch as they would not be3 of the chartered class, but selected trained chargers and gun-teams. The value placed upon such animals by military authorities is very considerable, and the loss will be much keenly felt by reason by the dearth of suitable and reliable mounts and gun-teams at the front.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

It is too be hoped that the troops will be able to save the six field pieces, if not the wagons and other pieces of the Field 63rd Battery, but nothing is said as to this being effected.

The presence of warships at the scene of the wreck may have been valuable in this respect, assuming that the position of the wreck and weather permitted the sufficiently near approach of the working parties who would have the advantage of the necessary appliances for transferring the guns. The time at the disposal of those on the spot between the hours of the vessel sinking and breaking up to save much other than themselves would seem to have been very limited, and  therefore it cannot be hoped that any considerable proportion of the vessel’s war stores can have been saved. It is known that with the troops were landed some guns, swords, carbines etc. and ammunition; but the bulk of Ismore’s cargo cannot have been landed in the time available. It will be remembered that the Ismore endeavoured to leave England in a gale, and after futile attempts took shelter in Moelfre Bay on the Anglesey coast until November 8th, when she put to sea four days late.

 

The Ismore had on board 400 rank and file of various sections. The 63rd Field Battery consisted of six officers, 170 men and 140 horses, with six 15 pounder guns 11 four-wheeled military vehicles, ambulance wagons, and stores. The Bearer Company of the Royal Army Medical Corps on board consisted of one officer and 52 men, with ambulance wagons and fittings. The A squadron and troop of B squadron of the Tenth Hussars on board numbered about 180 officers and men. There were altogether about 250 horses shipped, together with numerous wagons and vehicles. Major W Paget is the officer commanding the Field battery , and Major Alexander the Hussars.

 

The Press Association added that 230 valuable horses have been lost to the British cavalry and artillery proceeding to the front by the wreck of the Ismore. It is scarcely possible that the numerous ambulance wagons and other vehicles referred to in the above telegram can have been saved owing to the difficulties of transfer, and consequently one of the most important non-combative branches of the military service has lost probably their conveyance and medical equipment and supplies.

 

From the Glasgow Herald 3rd December 1889

By kind Permission of the British Library Board.